Anime, also sometimes referred to as Japanimation, is a form of hand-drawn and computer-generated animation that originates from Japan. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” but in Japan, it is used to describe all types of animated media. Outside Japan, however, the term specifically denotes animation produced in Japan or those that reflect a distinctive Japanese animation style, characterized by vivid graphics, expressive characters, and fantastical themes. This broader, culturally nuanced understanding allows for the possibility of anime created outside Japan.
The history of Japanese animation dates back to 1917 with the earliest commercial productions. A hallmark art style emerged in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka and gained popularity throughout the latter half of the 20th century, cultivating a substantial domestic and international fanbase. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical releases, television broadcast, direct-to-home media, and online streaming.
Many anime are original creations, but a significant portion are adaptations of Japanese manga, light novels, or video games. Over time, anime production techniques have evolved, integrating new technologies to enhance storytelling and visual quality. As a multimedia art form, anime combines graphic design, character development, cinematography, and other creative methods. Its animation often emphasizes detailed settings and camera effects such as panning, zooming, and dynamic angles, sometimes placing less emphasis on fluid movement. Artistic styles vary widely, with character designs ranging from large, expressive eyes to more realistic proportions, reflecting a diverse array of themes and target audiences.
Additionally, anime genres are highly varied, catering to both broad and niche interests. Within the fandom culture, terms like “wapanese” have emerged—initially referring to white individuals aspiring to be Japanese—and evolved into “weeaboo,” describing fans who exhibit a strong obsession with Japanese anime and Otaku culture.
